Pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya ma bereti omwe alipo masiku ano omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochepa pa kusiyana pakati pawo.Mwina mwadzifunsapo kuti, "Kodi ndi njira iti yomwe ingakhale yabwino kwambiri pakufunsira kwanu?"Kapena "ndingasankhe bwanji bearing?"Nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kuyankha mafunso amenewa.
Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti ma bere ambiri okhala ndi chinthu chogudubuza amagwera m'magulu awiri:
Zovala za mpira
Zodzigudubuza
M'magulu awa, pali magulu ang'onoang'ono a ma bearings omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera kapena mapangidwe okonzedwa kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito.
M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana zinthu zinayi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za pulogalamu yanu kuti musankhe mtundu woyenera.
Pezani Katundu Wonyamula & Kutha Kwakatundu
Kunyamula katundu nthawi zambiri kumatanthauzidwa ngati momwe zimayankhira zomwe zimayika pa bere pamene zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Posankha njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito, choyamba muyenera kupeza mphamvu ya katunduyo.Kuchuluka kwa katundu ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu yemwe angagwire ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri posankha chonyamula.
Kunyamula katundu kumatha kukhala axial (kukankha), ma radial kapena kuphatikiza.
Axial (kapena thrust) yonyamula katundu ndi pamene mphamvu ikufanana ndi axis ya shaft.
Katundu wonyamula ma radial ndi pamene mphamvu imakhala yozungulira patsinde.Ndiye kuphatikiza kunyamula katundu ndi pamene mphamvu zofananira ndi perpendicular zimapanga mphamvu ya angular yokhudzana ndi shaft.
Momwe Ball Bearings Amagawira Katundu
Zonyamula mpira zimapangidwa ndi mipira yozungulira ndipo zimatha kugawa katundu pamtunda wapakatikati.Amakonda kugwira ntchito bwino pazonyamula zazing'ono mpaka zapakati, kufalitsa katundu kudzera pa malo amodzi olumikizana.
Pansipa pali kalozera wachangu wa mtundu wa katundu wonyamula komanso mpira wabwino kwambiri pantchitoyo:
Radial (perpendicular to the shaft) ndi katundu wopepuka: Sankhani mayendedwe a mpira wa radial (wotchedwanso deep groove ball bearings).Ma Radial bearings ndi ena mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma bere pamsika.
Axial (kukankhira) (kufanana ndi kutsinde) katundu: Sankhani mayendedwe a mpira
Kuphatikiza, ma radial ndi axial, katundu: Sankhani chingwe cholumikizira.Mipirayo imalumikizana ndi msewu wothamanga pakona yomwe imathandizira katundu wophatikizana.
Roller Bearings & Bearing Katundu
Ma Roller bearings amapangidwa ndi ma cylindrical rollers omwe amatha kugawa katundu pamalo okulirapo kuposa mayendedwe a mpira.Amakonda kugwira ntchito bwino pamapulogalamu olemetsa kwambiri.
Pansipa pali kalozera wachangu wa mtundu wa katundu wonyamula komanso wodzigudubuza bwino kwambiri pantchitoyo:
Radial (perpendicular to shaft) katundu: Sankhani mayendedwe odzigudubuza ozungulira
Axial (kukankhira) (kufanana ndi shaft) katundu: Sankhani mayendedwe a cylindrical thrust
Kuphatikiza, ma radial ndi axial, katundu: Sankhani taper roller bear
Kuthamanga Kozungulira
Liwiro lozungulira la ntchito yanu ndi chinthu chotsatira chomwe muyenera kuyang'ana posankha chotengera.
Ngati pulogalamu yanu idzagwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri, ndiye kuti ma berelo a mpira nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa.Amachita bwino pa liwiro lapamwamba ndipo amapereka liwiro lapamwamba kuposa ma roller bearings.
Chifukwa chimodzi ndi chakuti kukhudzana pakati pa chinthu chogubuduza ndi mpikisano wothamanga mpira ndi mfundo m'malo mwa mzere wolumikizana, monga muzitsulo zogudubuza.Chifukwa zinthu zogubuduza zimakankhira mumsewu wothamanga pamene zikugudubuza pamwamba, pamakhala kusintha kochepa kwambiri komwe kumachitika pamapiko kuchokera ku ma bearing a mpira.
Centrifugal Force ndi Bearings
Chifukwa china chomwe kunyamula mpira ndikwabwino pamapulogalamu othamanga kwambiri ndi chifukwa cha mphamvu zama centrifugal.Mphamvu ya Centrifugal imatanthauzidwa ngati mphamvu yomwe imakankhira kunja kwa thupi lomwe likuyenda mozungulira pakati ndikuchokera ku inertia ya thupi.
Mphamvu ya Centrifugal ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimalepheretsa kunyamula liwiro chifukwa chimasandulika kukhala ma radial ndi axial katundu pamayendedwe.Popeza kuti mayendedwe odzigudubuza ali ndi kulemera kochuluka kuposa mpira wonyamula mpira, chotengera chodzigudubuza chidzatulutsa mphamvu yapamwamba ya centrifugal kusiyana ndi mpira wofanana ndi kukula kwake.
Chepetsani Mphamvu ya Centrifugal ndi Ceramic Balls Material
Nthawi zina liwiro la pulogalamu limakhala pamwamba pa liwiro la wonyamula mpira.
Izi zikachitika, njira yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino ndikusinthira zida zonyamula mpira kuchokera kuchitsulo kupita ku ceramic.Izi zimapangitsa kukula kwake kukhala kofanana koma kumapereka pafupifupi 25% yothamanga kwambiri.Popeza zida za ceramic ndizopepuka kuposa chitsulo, mipira ya ceramic imatulutsa mphamvu yochepa ya centrifugal pa liwiro lililonse.
Mapulogalamu Othamanga Kwambiri Amagwira Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri Ndi Angular Contact Bearings
Angular contact bearings ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yonyamula pamapulogalamu othamanga kwambiri.Chifukwa chimodzi ndi chakuti mipirayo imakhala yaing'ono ndipo mipira yaying'ono imalemera pang'ono ndipo imatulutsa mphamvu yochepa yapakati pozungulira.Angular contact bearings alinso anamanga-mu preload pa mayendedwe amene amagwira ntchito ndi mphamvu centrifugal kugubuduza bwino mipira mu kubala.
Ngati mukupanga pulogalamu yothamanga kwambiri, ndiye kuti mudzafuna zokhala ndi zolondola kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa kalasi yolondola ya ABEC 7.
Chipinda chocheperako chimakhala ndi "chipinda chogwedezeka" chowoneka bwino kwambiri chikapangidwa kuposa momwe zimakhalira bwino kwambiri.Choncho, pamene kunyamula kukugwiritsidwa ntchito mothamanga kwambiri, mipira imagubuduza mofulumira pamtunda wothamanga ndi kudalirika kochepa komwe kungayambitse kulephera.
Ma bere olondola kwambiri amapangidwa motsatira miyezo yokhazikika ndipo amakhala ndipang'onopang'ono pang'ono pamapangidwe akapangidwa.Ma bere olondola kwambiri ndi odalirika pamapulogalamu omwe amapita mwachangu chifukwa amatsimikizira kulumikizana kwabwino kwa mpira ndi mpikisano.
Kukhala ndi Runout & Rigidity
Kuthamanga ndi kuchuluka kwa shaft yomwe imazungulira kuchokera pakati pa geometric pamene ikuzungulira.Ntchito zina, monga zopota za zida zodulira, zimangopangitsa kuti pakhale kupatuka pang'ono pazigawo zake zozungulira.
Ngati mukupanga pulogalamu ngati iyi, sankhani njira yolondola kwambiri chifukwa imatulutsa mathamangitsidwe ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha kulolerana kolimba komwe kumapangidwira.
Kukhala ndi kukhwima ndiko kukana mphamvu yomwe imapangitsa kuti shaft ichoke kumtunda wake ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochepetsa kuthamanga kwa shaft.Kukhazikika kumabwera chifukwa cholumikizana ndi chinthu chogudubuza ndi msewu wothamanga.Pamene chinthu chogudubuzika chikanikizidwa mumsewu wothamanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotanuka zisinthe, zimakwera kwambiri.
Kukhala wokhazikika nthawi zambiri kumagawidwa ndi:
Axial rigidity
Radial rigidity
Kukwera kwa kulimba kwake, m'pamenenso pamafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti musunthe tsinde likagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zimagwirira ntchito ndi ma bearings olondola a angular.Ma bere awa nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi cholumikizira chopangidwa pakati pa msewu wamkati ndi wakunja.Pamene ma bearings okhudzana ndi angular aikidwa, chotsitsacho chimachotsedwa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mipira ipitirire mumsewu popanda mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito kunja.Izi zimatchedwa preloading ndipo ndondomekoyi imawonjezera kukhazikika ngakhale chimbalangondo chisanawone mphamvu zilizonse zofunsira.
Kukhala ndi Lubrication
Kudziwa zosowa zanu zonyamula mafuta ndikofunikira pakusankha ma bere oyenera ndipo kuyenera kuganiziridwa koyambirira pakupanga ntchito.Kupaka mafuta osayenera ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kubereka.
Kupaka mafuta kumapanga filimu yamafuta pakati pa chinthu chogudubuza ndi njira yothamangitsira yomwe imathandiza kupewa kukangana ndi kutenthedwa.
Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wamafuta ndi mafuta, omwe amakhala ndi mafuta okhala ndi thireyi.The thickening wothandizira amasunga mafuta m'malo, kotero kuti sadzasiya kubala.Pamene mpira (mpira wonyamula) kapena wodzigudubuza (wonyamula) umayenda pamwamba pa girisi, wowonjezerayo amalekanitsa ndikusiya filimu ya mafuta pakati pa chinthu chogudubuza ndi msewu wothamanga.Pambuyo pogubuduza chidutsa, mafuta ndi thickening wothandizira amabwerera pamodzi.
Kwa ntchito zothamanga kwambiri, kudziwa liwiro lomwe mafuta ndi thickener amatha kupatukana ndikulowanso ndikofunikira.Izi zimatchedwa kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kubereka n * dm mtengo.
Musanasankhe mafuta, muyenera kupeza ntchito zanu ndm mtengo.Kuti muchite izi chulukitsani mapulogalamu anu a RPMs ndi mainchesi apakati pa mipira yomwe mukunyamula (dm).Fananizani ndm mtengo wanu ndi liwiro lalikulu la grease, lomwe lili patsamba la data.
Ngati mtengo wanu wa n * dm ndi wapamwamba kuposa grease max speed value pa datasheet, ndiye kuti mafuta sangathe kukupatsani mafuta okwanira ndikulephera msanga.
Njira ina yothira mafuta pamakina othamanga kwambiri ndi makina amafuta amafuta omwe amasakaniza mafuta ndi mpweya woponderezedwa kenako ndikuwabaya mumsewu wothamanga mosiyanasiyana.Njirayi ndiyokwera mtengo kuposa mafuta opaka mafuta chifukwa imafunikira makina osakanikirana ndi ma metering ndi mpweya wosefedwa.Komabe, makina amafuta amafuta amalola kuti ma bere azigwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri pomwe amatulutsa kutentha pang'ono kuposa ma bere opaka mafuta.
Kwa ntchito zocheperako kuthamanga kwamafuta kumakhala kofala.Kusamba kwamafuta ndi pamene gawo la chimbalangondo limamizidwa mu mafuta.Pama bere omwe azigwira ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri, mafuta owuma atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa mafuta opangira mafuta, koma nthawi yamoyo yonyamula imafupikitsidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa filimu ya mafutawo pakapita nthawi.Pali zinthu zina zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha mafuta opangira mafuta, onani nkhani yathu yakuya "Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Kunyamula Mafuta.
Mwachidule: Momwe Mungasankhire Chokhala
Momwe mungasankhire zoyenera kuchita pa pulogalamu yanu:
Pezani Katundu Wonyamula & Kutha Kwakatundu
Choyamba, dziwani mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu omwe pulogalamu yanu idzayike pamayendedwe.Katundu waung'ono mpaka wapakati nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito bwino ndi mayendedwe a mpira.Ntchito zolemetsa zolemera nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito bwino ndi ma roller bearings.
Dziwani Kuthamanga kwa Ntchito Yanu
Tsimikizirani liwiro lozungulira la pulogalamu yanu.Kuthamanga kwambiri (RPM) nthawi zambiri kumagwira ntchito bwino ndi mayendedwe a mpira komanso kutsika kwambiri kumagwira ntchito bwino ndi zodzigudubuza.
Factor in Bearing Runout & Rigidity
Mukufunanso kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa runout yomwe pulogalamu yanu ingalole.Ngati pulogalamuyo imalola kuti apatuka ang'onoang'ono achitike, ndiye kuti mpira ndiye chisankho chanu chabwino kwambiri.
Pezani Mafuta Oyenera Pazosowa Zanu za Bearings
Pazinthu zothamanga kwambiri, werengerani mtengo wanu wa n * dm, ndipo ngati ndi wapamwamba kuposa liwiro lamafuta, ndiye kuti mafuta sangathe kupereka mafuta okwanira.Palinso njira zina monga kupaka mafuta.Kwa ntchito zotsika kwambiri, kusamba kwamafuta ndikwabwino.
Mafunso?Mainjiniya athu omwe ali patsamba angakonde kukhala nanu ndikukuthandizani kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-16-2022